Class 12 Informatics Practices is an important subject for students preparing for the board examination. Many questions in the exam are based on Python Pandas, SQL queries, data handling, and cyber safety topics.
In this article, we will discuss 10 most important questions of Informatics Practices for Board Exam 2026. Practicing these questions will help students revise key concepts and perform better in the examination.
1. What is a Pandas DataFrame?
Answer:
A DataFrame is a two-dimensional data structure in the Pandas library
used to store data in rows and columns, similar to a table or spreadsheet.
Example:
import pandas as pd
data = {'Name':['Aman','Riya','Rahul'],
'Marks':[85,90,78]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
print(df)
2. What is the difference between Series and DataFrame?
Answer:
|
Series |
DataFrame |
|
One-dimensional data structure |
Two-dimensional data structure |
|
Contains only one column |
Contains multiple columns |
|
Similar to a list or array |
Similar to a table |
3. How can we read and write a CSV file in Python?
Answer:
In Python, the Pandas library is used to read and write CSV files.
- read_csv()
→ used to read a CSV file
- to_csv()
→ used to write a CSV file
Example:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv("student.csv")
df.to_csv("newfile.csv")
4. How can you add and delete a column in a DataFrame?
Answer:
Add a column:
df['Age'] = [18,19,20]
Delete a column:
df.drop('Age', axis=1, inplace=True)
5. What do head() and tail() functions do in Pandas?
Answer:
- head()
→ Displays the first five rows of a DataFrame.
- tail()
→ Displays the last five rows of a DataFrame.
Example:
df.head()
df.tail()
6. What are DDL, DML and DCL commands in SQL?
Answer:
DDL (Data Definition Language):
Used to define the structure of the database.
Examples: CREATE, ALTER, DROP
DML (Data Manipulation Language):
Used to manipulate data in tables.
Examples: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
DCL (Data Control Language):
Used to control access to data.
Examples: GRANT, REVOKE
7. Write SQL queries for the following.
Table: STUDENT (RollNo, Name, Marks)
To display all records:
SELECT * FROM STUDENT;
To display students with marks greater than 80:
SELECT * FROM STUDENT
WHERE Marks > 80;
8. What are Aggregate Functions in SQL?
Answer:
Aggregate functions perform calculations on a group of values and return a
single result.
Examples:
- SUM()
→ calculates total
- AVG()
→ calculates average
- COUNT()
→ counts number of records
Example:
SELECT AVG(Marks) FROM STUDENT;
9. What is Digital Footprint?
Answer:
A Digital Footprint is the record of a person's online activities such
as social media posts, online searches, and website visits.
Advantages:
- Helps
in building online identity
- Useful
for networking
Disadvantages:
- Privacy
risks
- Personal
information misuse
10. What is Cyber Crime?
Answer:
Cyber crime is any illegal activity carried out using computers or the
internet.
Types:
- Hacking
- Phishing
- Identity
theft
Prevention:
- Use
strong passwords
- Avoid
clicking unknown links
- Use
antivirus software
============================================